Study summary
Topical repellents for malaria prevention (Cochrane systematic review)
Gabaldón-Figueira JC, Wagah MG, Maia MF, et al.
- Study type
- Meta Analysis
- Year
- 2023
- Published in
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Art. No. CD015422
- Evidence strength
- Definitive evidence
How it was tested
Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials testing whether topical repellents reduce malaria infection.
Summary
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and cluster-randomized trials testing topical repellents (sprays, lotions, gels) for preventing malaria infection in endemic regions.
Key findings
Topical repellents may slightly reduce P. falciparum infection/clinical incidence (IRR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.98) but the certainty is low. A protective effect was clearest among high-risk groups such as refugees lacking other vector control. Adverse events were rare (0.6%) and limited to mild skin reactions.
Limitations
Low-certainty evidence driven by risk of bias; benefit unclear where insecticide-treated nets are already in place; outcomes vary by population.